Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Rachana Kumari ¹, Anjana Mukhopadhyay ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IN
2 Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IN

Abstract

Trauma can be caused by an overwhelmingly negative event that causes a lasting impact on the victim's mental and emotional stability. Many sources of trauma are physically violent in nature, while others are psychological. Reactions to traumatic events vary from individual to individual as the appraisal of the traumatic event and the ability to cope with it often differs across individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the coping patterns of the patients with post traumatic symptoms. Results highlight the coping patterns of trauma affected subjects. Present investigation included 10 PTSD patients and 10 normal adult (18 to 40 years) subjects. Sample included both male and female hospitalized cases from various Trauma Centers of Varanasi. The level of the trauma symptoms was assessed with the PTSD checklist-civilian version. The level of coping pattern was assessed with the Coping Strategies Scale. As hypothesized the coping strategies of PTSD patients reported higher score on avoidance coping strategies than their normal subject counterparts.

Keywords

PTSD, Coping Pattern.

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Anita Gautam ¹, Anjana Mukhopadhyay ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Psychology, MMV, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The Council for Exceptional Children coined the term ‘Emotional and Behavioral Disorder' children including those who were seriously emotionally disturbed. Prominent authors in this field preferred the term 'challenging' than 'inappropriate' or 'problem behavior'. The main forms have been identified as aggressive behavior, destructive behavior, self- injury behavior, stereotype and other socially or sexually unacceptable behavior. Challenging behavior thus, is a cluster of emotional and behavioral problems including both externalizing and internalizing behavioral symptoms. Children with the externalizing behavior problems of conduct disorder are more likely to grow up to become delinquent as adolescents and criminals and violent as adults. Similarly, children's with internalizing behavior problems are more likely to grow up to become depressed and anxious. Methodologically robust studies on community samples in India have reported overall point prevalence rates of 9.4% in children aged 8-12 years, 12.5% in children aged 0-16 years, and 1.81% in adolescence age of 12-16 years. Childhood aggression is associated with a host of personal, social and academic adjustment difficulties including depression, anxiety, peer rejection, loneliness and school dropout. Studies suggested that children who display aggression early in life are also at risk for continued aggression throughout adolescence. Challenging problems are defined more profitably by their function than by their topographies. Thus it is descriptive concept which is largely constructed, and its meaning is subject to changeas per social norms and service delivery patterns over time and across geographical areas. Challenging behaviors as being logically linked to a set of predictable consequences and noted that by understanding these specific consequences, it would be possible to design more effective, efficient, and individualized intervention. Evidence suggests behavioral intervention involving an explicit functional analysis of behavior is the most effective means of assessment and treatment for children with challenging behavior. The aim of this review article is to trace out the range of characteristics of challenging behaviors and the success achieved in controlling such behavior through psychological interventions.

Keywords

Challenging Behavior, Aggression, Intervention Strategies.

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